The antigens of the human neutrophil antigen (HNA) system are glycoproteins on the surface of neutrophilic granulocytes. Alloimmune reactions to neutrophils can lead to a serious transfusion-associated acute lung injury (TRALI) in blood transfusions. In addition, there may be an alloimmune reaction during pregnancy in which antibodies are produced in the mother's circulation against the antigens of the child's HNA system. The transfer of the antibodies into the child's circulation leads to the destruction of neutrophilic granulocytes (neonatal immune neutropenia, NIN).

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